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SCI论文目录 |
江河源区“黑土滩”型退化草场的形成过程与综合治理 |
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出 版 社:生态学杂志22(5):51-55 |
发表时间:2003 |
台 站:
海北高寒草甸生态系统定位研究站
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作 者:1周华坤 周立 赵新全 刘伟 严作良 师燕 |
点 击 率:6396 |
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关 键 字:关键词 江河源区,“黑土滩”型退化草场,退化过程,综合治理 |
摘 要:摘 要 江河源区草场退化严重,超载过牧是主要原因,啮齿动物危害是重要原因,气候变化起了促进作用,“黑土滩”型退化草场的形成演替依照未退化→轻度退化→中度退化→重度退化→极度退化的方向进行。江河源区退化草场的治理应该以减轻放牧压力为出发点,防止退化草地面积的进一步扩大和蔓延,在此基础上,采用封育、除杂和施肥等人工调控策略,对不同程度退化草场采用不同模式进行治理,同时全面贯彻落实“草原法”和“草地有偿承包责任制”措施,以冬春草场为重点,合理利用草场,开展草场建设,增加投入,提高牧民文化素质,加强牧区人才建设,恢复治理“黑土滩”型退化草场,实现江河源区草地畜牧业的可持续发展。 |
关 键 字(英文):Keywords thesourceregionsofYangtzeandYellowRivers,“blacksoilbeach”grassland,degrada ionprocess,integratedtreatment. |
摘 要(英文):ThedegradationsituationofgrasslandisseriousinthesourceregionsofYangtzeandYellowRivers.Over grazingisthemainreasonandrodentdestructionisthekeyreasontothissituation.Climatechangeacceleratesthegrasslanddegradation.Thedegradedtrendof“blacksoilbeach”grasslandisno degradation,lightlydegradation,mediumdegradation,heavydegradation,andextremelydegra dation.Thedegradedgrasslandshouldbegintolightenstockingratetopreventmoredegradation.Differenttreatmentshavebeencarriedouttodifferentdegradedgrasslandwithcontrolstrategiessuchasfencingway,weedcontrolandfertilizing.Atthesametime,“GrasslandLaw”and“Responsibili ySystemofRepayingContractofGrassland”shouldbecarriedoutdrasticallyinalpinepasturingarea.Thegrasslandshouldbeutilizedandconstructedwell,especiallyinWinter Springgrassland.Enoughfundshouldbeincreasedtodegradedgrassland.Theculturallevelofherdsmanshouldbeim provedandpersonwithabilityalsoshouldbetrained.Allthesewillcontributetorestorationandreatmentof“blacksoilbeach”grasslandandtothesustainabledevelopmentofgrasslandhusbandrynthesourceregionsofYangtzeandYellowRivers. |
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